The Transmission system and its components

Introduction

We have discussed earlier, what is an automobile? Various types of automobiles, Basic components of an automobile. We have also discussed the engine and its components. What we learned is that engine is the heart of an automobile but the transmission system is an equally important system for an automobile.

Today, we will discuss various basic components that a transmission system includes

Clutch System

Gear Set

Propeller Shaft

Differential

Rear Axle

Wheels

We shall briefly discuss the above topics below:

Clutch

While the engine is running but the car is still in stationary position, on the other hand, while the engine is running, the car also moves. So this engaging and disengaging of the engine power transmission from the engine ( Driving shaft ) to the transmission system ( Driven shaft ) is done using a mechanical component called the clutch.

In simple words, the clutch is defined as a mechanical component used for engaging and disengaging power.

Most types of clutch used are push or pull friction clutch, which uses frictional force to create a contact to transmit the power.

Please note that in the automatic type of transmission system Torque converters are used s clutches.

Gear Set

The basic function of the transmission system is to transmit power but the power generated by the engine is not enough to move the vehicle. Some extra addition to the power has to be done in order to move the vehicle.

Gear set gearbox is used to increase the power or torque needed to drive the vehicles. Various types of gear arrangements are used.

In a manual transmission system, it consists of 2 shafts each with different number of teeth that meshes according to the amount of torque needed whereas in an automatic type of transmission system planetary gear set is used

In short, gear sets or gearboxes are used for torque multiplication.

Propeller Shaft

The propeller shaft is nothing but a long shaft whose input is the output from the gear set or gearbox and output is the input to the differential.

The basic function of the propeller shaft is to just transfer the power to the differential with the help of universal joints.

The Differential

Now, when a car takes a turn the inner wheel covers less distance while the outer wheel covers more.

So in order to let both the wheel rotate at different speeds the differential system is used.

The other main function is to split the power from the engine into the 2 wheels.

Rear Axle

Rear axles are defined as 2 half shafts each for 1 wheel from the differential system.

It is used to transmit power from the differential to the driving wheels.

Wheels

Wheels are the end component for a transmission system that drives the vehicle.

The above-listed components are for a manual transmission, For an automatic transmission the components that mainly differ are discussed below:

Torque converter serves as a clutch

The torque converter is a fluid coupling device in which fluid is used to drive the transmission from the power coming out from the engine.

Basic torque converter includes a pump that pumps the fluid and a stator on which the fluid exerts a force leading it to rotate, which in turn is attached to the transmission system.

Planetary gear set serves as gearbox

In a manual transmission system there are 2 shafts that have gears attached to them but in automatic transmission system uses a number of planetary gear sets also called the sun and moon gear set system for their torque multiplication.

The transmission system is amongst the most important system and includes a number of components. We have discussed some of the main components.

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