All about Turbochargers, Defination, working and uses

Introduction

Automobiles of the 21st century are setting up new benchmarks in almost every area. New modern time demands unexceptional outputs and raising the competition. The hunger of power, achieving new heights, breaking conventions remains constant and thus raising the thoughts for newer and more efficient technological advancements, hence making everything a reality that once was only imaginary.

Automobiles, we learned earlier run from the power produced by the engine. The engine’s function is to convert the chemical energy into mechanical energy. This chemical energy comprises air and fuel in a specific proportion for maximum output. This means the more air and fuel we can provide to the engine the more power the engine could produce. Here is when turbochargers were introduced, designed in such a way to increase the amount of air and fuel entering the engine to get more power output.

Turbochargers can be defined as a mechanical component that is a turbine-driven forced induction component that is used to increase the amount of air entering the engine ( intake manifold ) to increase the power output and the efficiency of the engine.

The engines without any external mechanical component for the increasing amount of air are termed as naturally aspirated engines.

The typical turbocharger consists of a turbine, a compressor, a control system, a housing designed in a way of leading to a narrow nozzle. The air enters from the turbine side, moved to the compressor for decreasing the temperature, and then is moved into the combustion chamber for the combustion process.

Turbochargers receive the exhaust air from the exhaust manifold as some of the air exiting the exhaust port is not fully burnt. This is then passed to the turbochargers into the turbine which is compressed and then again passed into the combustion chamber.

How turbochargers help increase the volumetric efficiency of the engine?

Turbochargers take in some amount of exhaust air which also includes some unburnt air that is compressed and again used to produce power by releasing into the combustion chamber, thus more amount of air is pushed in. This increases overall volumetric efficiency.

How turbochargers help increase the power of the engine?

Turbocharger’s function is to put more air into the combustion chamber for combustion. Hence more air in the combustion chamber the more power is produced.

Turbochargers also help to lessen the amount of harmful gases.

A turbocharger also increases fuel efficiency without increasing power. This is possible by diverting exhaust gases, after the combustion process, and feeding it back into the turbo’s intake side that spins the turbine. As the hot side of the turbine is driven by exhaust gases, the cold intake turbine on the other side of the turbocharger compresses the fresh air and pushes it into the engine’s intake manifold. By using this otherwise exhaust gases to increase the mass of air, it ensures that all the fuel is burned before being vented at the start of the exhaust stage. Thus the increased temperature from the higher pressure gives a higher Carnot efficiency.

Also, the time difference between the throttle for power and experiencing an immediate rush of torque is termed as the turbo lag.

To learn more kindly visit — www.carengineered.com