All About Fuel Injectors
The Engines we rev produces a high amount of power and forms an integral part of any automobile. The Engine combined with a number of subsystems makes it possible for and automobile to work properly.
Fuel Injection System is one of the most important subsystems for any automobile without which the engine won’t even start.
Fuel injection systems are the latest technology in providing the fuel to the engine in comparison to the earlier conventional Carburettor system that we have discussed earlier. The fuel injection systems are a more accurate and most liable way of delivering the fuel and work on a quite high range of pressure ranging somewhere between 40–80 psi.
Components of a Fuel Injector
The components for any fuel injector includes:-
- Fuel Filter
- Injector Casing
- Plunger
- Spray Tip
- Valve Spring
- Solenoid
- Electrical Attachment
- Pressurized Fuel Input
Working Principle
The working ao a fuel injector is quite simple.
The fuel injector is an electronically controlled valve that is supplied by the fuel from various other components of the fuel system like fuel lines, fuel filter, and fuel pump, etc. that reciprocates a number of times in a second’s intervals with high pressure.
When the injector is energized by the Engine Control Unit (ECU), an electromagnet allows the plunger to move forward that inturns make up the passage for the pressurized fuel to flow through the tinny opening in an atomized forms that allows the fuel to burn very quickly and easily.
The amount of fuel supplied is directly proportional to the time for which the fuel injectors stay open, is called a pulse width, and is controlled by the ECU.
The fuel injectors are mounted on the intake manifold so that they can directly find the way into the combustion chamber by the pressurized rail or pile often termed as CRDI, ie Common Rail Direct Injection System.
Why Fuel Injectors are better??
- High Power Output
- Better Fuel Economy
- Lower Emissions
- Great Emission Performances
- Smooth Operations
- Low Cost
What are the Advantages of Fuel Injectors??
- There are various advantages such as:
- Easier cold starting
- Smooth and Consistent Transient Throttle
- Quick Throttle
- Dependency on choke is resolved, so easy engine warmups
- Can work in any position such as upside-down, unlike carburetors in which the floats are unable to work in an upside-down position.
Types of Injection Systems
Single point or Throttle Body Fuel Injection System
This system includes replacing the carburetor with 1 or 2 nozzles for fuel injection.
Ports or Multipoint Fuel Injection System (MPFI)
This system includes a single injector nozzle for each of the cylinders outside their intake ports, that is why known as port injection system.
Sequential Fuel Injection System (SPFI)
Sequential Fuel Injection System also called a timed fuel injection system is the system with the basics of the Multipoint Fuel injection System but in addition that the fuel is injected at the same time or in groups.
Direct Injection
This system of fuel Injection is the latest in which the fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber pasts the intake manifolds and valves.
Conclusion
Thus the Fuel Injection System is an emerging technology and responsible for engine performance and should be engineered precisely.
Originally published at https://www.carengineered.com on July 11, 2020.
